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2019年高考英语真题及参考答案(北京卷)

时间:2019-06-11 15:35:46 来源:福建高考早知道排版整理

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  17。

  [答案] B

  [解析] 本题是动词题;根据本句“Tina Stern ____ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college”,可知“在大学四年间Tina Stern接受(received)来自Wilson的接送”,本题考查主谓宾的搭配。其余选项含义为:earned(赚得),assessed(评估),demanded(要求);故正确答案是B。

  18。

  [答案] A

  [解析] 本题是名词题;根据后一句“It is not just a ride”,这不只是乘车,可知这些乘车的经历对她来说不只是免费的搭乘(transportation)。其余选项含义为:style(风格),time(时间),communication(沟通);故正确答案是A。

  19。

  [答案] B

  [解析] 本题是形容词题;根据本句“you’re not just sitting there in _____silence or with your headphones on”,你不只是坐在_____沉默里或者带着耳机,可知是“awkward令人尴尬的”沉默。此处考查形容词词义辨析。其余选项含义为:forced(强迫的),ridiculous(荒谬的),suspicious(怀疑的);故正确答案是B。

  20。

  [答案] D

  [解析] 本题是动词题;根据后半句“so the next time you ride with him, he will check on those things”,所以下一次你乘坐他的车的时候,他会核对这些事情,可知Wilson事实上是记得(remembers)这些答案的。其余选项含义为:selects(挑选),recites(背诵),guesses(猜测);故正确答案是D。

  21。

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题是动词题;根据前半句“He asks you questions and actually remembers the answers”,他问你问题并且真能记住(你的)回答,所以他下次见到你时会再跟你确认一切是否都好,可知选check on(检查、查看人或事物以确保一切正常)。其余选项含义为:act on(遵照……行动),settle on(选定,决定),agree on(就……达成协议);故正确答案是C。

  22。

  [答案] D

  [解析] 本题是名词题;根据空前“the”可知,该名词上文刚复现过,可知本段第一句中的“a student-support programme of the non-profit organization”为答案,即programme(项目)。其余选项含义为:club(俱乐部),league(联盟,团体),college(大学,学院);故正确答案是D。

  23。

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题是副词题;根据前半句“Although the programme asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes”,虽然该项目只要求成员接送学生们上下学,和后文为转折关系,可知Wilson常常做得更多,可知答案是beyond(超过地)。其余选项含义为:far(远地),around(周围地),forwards(向前地);故正确答案是C。

  24。

  [答案] A

  [解析] 本题是动词题;根据本段中出现的三个“If。。。, Wilson。。。。”,以及全文主旨,均可知Wilson除了接送学生们,还做了许多“帮助”他们的事,如果学生有注册登记的问题,Wilson就在那里帮助(assist)他们。其余选项含义为:watch(看,监视),urge(催促,力劝),warn(警告);故正确答案是A。

  25。

  [答案] D

  [解析] 本题是动词题;与24题线索相同,根据本段中出现的三个“If。。。, Wilson。。。。”,以及全文主旨,均可知Wilson除了接送学生们,还做了许多“帮助”他们的事,如果一名学生饿了,Wilson从不犹豫(hesitates)给他们买饭。其余选项含义为:expects(期待,预计),attempts(企图,试图),manages(管理,设法做到);故正确答案是D。

  26。

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题是形容词题;根据本段第二句“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to _____ vehicles with parents who work six days a week”,有些学生没有(性能)可靠的车,还有的学生需要和他们一周工作六天的父母共坐一辆车,可知Wilson的帮助对他们来说是很有必要的(necessary)。其余选项含义为:extra(额外的),unusual(不寻常的),adequate(足够的);故正确答案是C。

  27。

  [答案] A

  [解析] 本题是动词题;根据“Some students don’t have a reliable car”,有些学生没有(性能)可靠的车,再根据while前后的并列关系,可知这一句也需要体现学生自己上下学的不方便,即和父母共坐(share)一辆车,也就是由一周上班六天的父母来接送他们。其余选项含义为:fuel(加燃料,加强),repair(修理),exchange(交换);故正确答案是A。

  28。

  [答案] B

  [解析] 本题是动词题;根据本句“riding with Wilson has _____ them to complete their education”,可知搭Wilson的车使(allow)他们能够完成学业。其余选项含义为: required(要求),reminded(提醒),convinced(确信);故正确答案是B。

  29。

  [答案] A

  [解析] 本题是名词题; 根据本句“he benefits just as much from the _____。”他从_____中获得的和(学生们)一样多,可知该空指的就是“Wilson给孩子们提供免费搭车”这件事(experience)。其余选项含义为:arrangement(安排),appreciation(感激,欣赏),employment(雇佣,就业);故正确答案是A。

  30。

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题是名词题;根据上文“he benefits just as much from the experience”和“I just love driving, and I love these kids”,他从这件事中获得的和(学生们)一样多,他喜爱驾驶,他也喜欢这些孩子们,可知Wilson对于接送孩子们是很开心的,即和孩子们在一起,了解他们、听他们的故事,哪怕只有几小时,都对Wilson来说是种特别优待、荣幸(privilege)。其余选项含义为:effort(努力),ambition(雄心,野心),convenience(方便);故正确答案是C。

  第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)

  第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)

  阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

  A

  Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA)。 Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community (社区)。

  We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds。 Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24。 Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75。 They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes。 We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers。

  Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures。 You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers。

  Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness。 You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends。

  This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:

  Country Schedule

  4-week programmes 7-week programmes

  Algeria 5 Jul。 — 1 Aug。 20 Jun。 — 7 Aug。

  Egypt 24 Jul。 — 20 Aug。 19 Jun。 — 6 Aug。

  Kenya 20 Jul。 — 16 Aug。 18 Jun。 — 5 Aug。

  South Africa 2 Aug。 — 29 Aug。 15 Jun。 — 2 Aug。

  GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed。 All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities。

  There is no other chance like a GDA programme。 Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities。

  Find out more about joining a GDA promgramme:

  Website: www.glodeve.org

  Email: humanresources@glodeve.org

  31。 What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?

  A。 To seek local partners。

  B。 To take in young volunteers。

  C。 To carry out programmes。

  D。 To foster cultural awareness。

  31。

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题考查文章细节;根据文章第二段第三句和第四句,“Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75。 They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes。”可知志愿者经理在项目的安全高效运营中起到重要作用。由以上可以推出志愿者经理的主要职责是运营项目;故正确答案是C。

  32。 The programme beginning in August will operate in ______。

  A。 Egypt

  B。 Algeria

  C。 Kenya

  D。 South Africa

  32。

  [答案] D

  [解析] 本题考查文章细节;根据文章第五段表格的最后一行“South Africa 2 Aug。-29 Aug。”可知8月2日开始的项目在南非进行;故正确答案是D。

  33。 The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to ______。

  A。 explore new cultures

  B。 protect the environment

  C。 gain corporate benefits

  D。 help communities in need

  33。

  [答案] D

  [解析] 本题考查文章细节;根据文章第六段第二句“All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities。”可知我们所有的项目目的是促进贫穷偏远社区的发展。由此推出我们GDA项目的共同目标是帮助有需要的社区;故正确答案是D。

  B

  Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy。 By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them。

  It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad。 On the outing, she was offered a candy bar。 However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth。 But Moore was sick of missing out on candies。 So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company。 He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain。

  With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly。 She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning。 Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria。

  Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground。 Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product — CanCandy。

  As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur。 Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring。 She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile。

  Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life。 Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit。 Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles。 She donates 10% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles。 With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore。

  34。 How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?

  A。 She argued with him。

  B。 She tried to find a way out。

  C。 She paid no attention。

  D。 She chose to consult dentists。

  34。

  [答案] B

  [解析] 本题考查文章细节;根据文章第二段第五句“So she desired to get round the warning, ‘Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?’”可知,Moore想她为什么不能生产出一种对牙齿好的糖果,这样父母就不会禁止她吃糖,因此她是想找出一种新的解决方案;故正确答案是B。

  35。 What is special about CanCandy?

  A。 It is beneficial to dental health。

  B。 It is free of sweeteners。

  C。 It is sweeter than other candies。

  D。 It is produced to a dentists’ recipe。

  35。

  [答案] A

  [解析] 本题考查文章细节;根据文章第三段第三句“Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria。”可知,她成功地生产了一种只用天然甜味剂的糖果,这种糖果可以减少口腔细菌;故正确答案是A。

  36。 What does Moore expect from her business?

  A。 To earn more money。

  B。 To help others find smiles。

  C。 To make herself stand out。

  D。 To beat other candy companies。

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